In which pregnancy theca lutein cyst is present?
Theca lutein cysts are benign neoplasms known to be associated with twins, molar pregnancy and erythroblastosis fetalis, but they are only rarely associated with a normal singleton pregnancy. Their natural course is postpartum spontaneous regression. Documented cases were noted because of abdominal pain or dystocia.
How does hCG cause theca lutein cyst?
Theca-lutein cysts are caused by luteinization and hypertrophy of the theca interna cell layer in response to excessive stimulation from human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) These cysts are predisposed to torsion, hemorrhage, and rupture.
What do theca lutein cysts produce?
Theca lutein cysts are rare, benign, and typically bilateral cystic lesions producing grossly enlarged ovaries during pregnancy.
What is a theca lutein cyst?
Theca lutein cysts, or hyperreactio luteinalis, are luteinised ovarian follicle cysts due to overstimulation from high levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) or hypersensitivity to hCG.
Is theca lutein cyst functional?
Theca lutein cysts (TLC), also known as hyperreactio luteinalis (HL), are a type of functional ovarian cysts. They are typically multiple and seen bilaterally.
Can theca lutein cyst be unilateral?
It is suggested that theca lutein cysts may have two origins–an increased quantity of chorionic gonadotropin or end-organ hypersensitivity. When a unilateral, unilocular theca lutein cyst is found, the presence of associated trophoblastic disease can be ruled out.
What is Ohss fertility?
In vitro fertilization Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is an exaggerated response to excess hormones. It usually occurs in women taking injectable hormone medications to stimulate the development of eggs in the ovaries. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) causes the ovaries to swell and become painful.
When do theca cells develop?
Origin of theca cells Theca cells are first observed once a follicle has two or more layers of granulosa cells, which is around the time when thecal cells become LH responsive and steroidogenic enzymes are activated (Magoffin & Weitsman 1994).
How do you treat theca lutein cyst?
Treatment and prognosis Following evacuation of a molar pregnancy, the associated theca lutein cysts resolve by 2-4 months. There are cases reported of normal pregnancies associated with hyperreactio leutinalis which have resolved gradually post delivery. Surgical emergency is only if ovarian torsion occurs.
Can ovarian cyst cause hCG?
Conclusion: Mature ovarian cystic teratomas have rarely been reported to secrete HCG. They can be an infrequent source of HCG production and may lead to emergency surgery to treat a suspected extra-uterine pregnancy.
What are the characteristics of a malignant ovarian cyst?
Malignant ovarian tumors tend to have papillary excrescences, irregular walls, and/or thick septations. The tumor can contain echogenic material arising from mucin or protein debris. The more solid the areas are, the greater the likelihood that a tumor is present.
Can theca lutein cysts occur during pregnancy?
Occasionally, theca lutein cysts can occur in pregnancies associated with large placentas, such as those affected with diabetes or Rh sensitization. Rarely, they can also occur in normal, singleton pregnancies. Buy Membership for Obstetrics & Gynecology Category to continue reading.
What are the characteristics of theca lutein cysts?
Theca lutein cysts (TLC), also known as hyperreactio luteinalis (HL), are a type of functional ovarian cyst s. They are typically multiple and seen bilaterally. They are thought to originate due to excessive amounts of circulating gonadotrophins such as beta-hCG. Hyperplasia of the theca interna cells is the predominant characteristic on histology.
What is the prognosis of ovarian theca lutein cysts?
Typically seen as bilateral (occasionally unilateral) ovarian enlargement with multiple cysts which are generally of uniform size. Treatment and prognosis. Following evacuation of a molar pregnancy, the associated theca lutein cysts resolve by 2-4 months.
What is the prevalence of theca lutein cysts in choriocarcinoma?
Up to 50% of patients with molar pregnancies and 10% of patients with choriocarcinoma develop theca lutein cysts. Occasionally, theca lutein cysts can occur in pregnancies associated with large placentas, such as those affected with diabetes or Rh sensitization. Rarely, they can also occur in normal, singleton pregnancies.