What is the medical term for inflammation of the labyrinth?
Labyrinthitis is the inflammation of part of the inner ear called the labyrinth. The eighth cranial nerve (vestibulocochlear nerve) may also be inflamed. The inflammation of these causes a feeling of spinning (vertigo), hearing loss, and other symptoms. In most people, these symptoms go away over time.
How common is Mondini dysplasia?
This anomaly accounts for about 15-18% of cochlear malformations. The Mondini deformity occurs from disturbances during roughly the 7th week of gestation. The Mondini is the most common malformation, and accounts for about 55% of all inner ear malformations.
Is Mondini malformation genetic?
The Mondini dysplasia also has been reported as an isolated finding in nonsyndromic cases,10,21 and families with congenital sensorineural hearing loss with autosomal dominant inheritance22 and presumed autosomal recessive inheritance23 have been described, but in none of these cases was the genetic defect identified.
Is ear connected to brain?
The vestibulocochlear nerve connects the ear to the brain in an area called the brainstem. It does this by coursing through a very short, tiny tunnel called the internal auditory meatus that opens into the brain (see Fig 1).
Does Covid 19 cause labyrinthitis?
Our case report demonstrates that labyrinthitis is also among the neurological manifestations to be considered as a result of COVID-19, which can be safely managed in the community with the same strategies as those employed for other viral triggers.
What ear finding is associated with Mondini dysplasia?
Mondini dysplasia, also known as Mondini malformation and Mondini defect, is an abnormality of the inner ear that is associated with sensorineural hearing loss. This deformity was first described in 1791 by Mondini after examining the inner ear of a deaf boy.
What are the contraindications to cochlear implant surgery?
Contraindications to cochlear implantation may include deafness due to lesions of the eighth cranial nerve or brain stem. In addition, chronic infections of the middle ear and mastoid cavity or tympanic membrane perforation can be contraindications.
What causes Mondini malformation?
This is a congenital (present at birth) cause of hearing loss. A Mondini malformation occurs when there is a disruption in the development of the inner ear during the seventh week of gestation. This may affect one or both ears and may be isolated or occur with other ear malformations or syndromes.
Is your nose connected to your brain?
The olfactory bulb is underneath the front of your brain just above the nasal cavity. Signals are sent from the olfactory bulb to other parts of the brain to be interpreted as a smell you may recognize, like apple pie fresh from the oven.
How common is spontaneous pneumothorax without family history?
Primary spontaneous pneumothoraces occur without a family history in the majority (88–90%) of cases ( 4, 5 ). We refer to these nonfamilial cases as sporadic pneumothorax. Genetic studies of sporadic pneumothorax cohorts have focused on FLCN, the gene for Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHDS).
Is promoter methylation associated with FLCN irregulation in primary spontaneous pneumothorax?
Ding Y, Zou W, Zhu C, Min H, Ma D, Chen B, et al. Promoter methylation is not associated with FLCN irregulation in lung cyst lesions of primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Mol Med Rep 2015 ;12: 7770 – 7776. 8. Zhang X, Ma D, Zou W, Ding Y, Zhu C, Min H, et al.
What is the prevalence of pneumothorax in children with cystic fibrosis (CF)?
Incidence of pneumothorax among patients with CF was 2% in children over a 15-year interval ( 137) and 3% in all ages over a 10-year period ( 136 ). Lifetime prevalence was estimated at 8% during the 1950s to 1980s ( 138 ).
What are the genetic syndromes associated with pneumothorax?
We summarize the pneumothorax-associated genetic syndromes, including Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome, Marfan syndrome, vascular (type IV) Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, tuberous sclerosis complex/lymphangioleiomyomatosis, Loeys-Dietz syndrome, cystic fibrosis, homocystinuria, and cutis laxa, among others.