What is the pathophysiology of community-acquired pneumonia?

What is the pathophysiology of community-acquired pneumonia?

PATHOGENESIS Traditionally, CAP has been viewed as an infection of the lung parenchyma, primarily caused by bacterial or viral respiratory pathogens.

What is the pathophysiology of pneumonia?

Abstract. The development of pneumonia requires that a pathogen reach the alveoli and that the host defenses are overwhelmed by microorganism virulence or by the inoculum size. The endogenous sources of microorganisms are nasal carriers, sinusitis, oropharynx, gastric, or tracheal colonization, and hematogenous spread.

What is crb65 score?

Abstract. Background The CRB-65 score is a clinical prediction rule that grades the severity of community-acquired pneumonia in terms of 30-day mortality. Aim The study sought to validate CRB-65 and assess its clinical value in community and hospital settings.

How is CAP diagnosed?

GENERAL APPROACH The diagnosis of CAP generally requires the demonstration of an opacity on chest imaging in a patient with a clinically compatible syndrome (eg, fever, dyspnea, cough, and sputum production) [1]. For most patients with suspected CAP, we obtain posteroanterior and lateral chest radiographs.

What are the four pathological stages of pneumonia?

Stage 1: Congestion. Stage 2: Red hepatization. Stage 3: Grey hepatization. Stage 4: Resolution.

How is CURB-65 score calculated?

CURB-65 = Confusion, Urea nitrogen, Respiratory rate, Blood pressure, 65 years of age and older. CRB-65 = Confusion, Respiratory rate, Blood pressure, 65 years of age and older. *—Data are weighted averages from validation studies. 1-2 †—Recommendations are consistent with British Thoracic Society guidelines.

What is the difference between CURB-65 and CRB-65?

CURB-65 and CRB-65 had a high correlation. CRB-65 was more sensitive as a predictor of death as well as a guidance for hospitalization. Moreover, CRB-65 is a more practical score since it does not use laboratorial variables.

How do you write a pathophysiology?

Pathophysiology template

1. The page name should be “(Disease name) pathophysiology”, with only the first letter of the title capitalized.
2. Goal: to explain the biological mechanisms underlying the disease state.

What is the pathophysiology of community acquired pneumonia?

Most Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) are bacterial in origin and often follow brief viral upper respiratory tract infection. In upright position lower lobes are best ventilated therefore deposition of inhaled micro organisms is higher in these lobes.

What is the pathophysiology of lobe pneumonia?

Lobar pneumonia: Occurs due to acute bacterial infection of part of a lobe or complete lobe. Whole lobe is often affected as the inflammation spreads through the pores of Khon and Lambert channels.

What is the difference between hospital acquired pneumonia and community-acquired pneumonia?

Under such circumstances, one is diagnosed with hospital-acquired pneumonia. When the infection is acquired outside a hospital, due to contact with an infected individual, one is diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia.

What is the risk stratification for community acquired pneumonia?

Risk Stratification for Community-Acquired Pneumonia (the Pneumonia Severity Index) Community-acquired pneumonia is defined as pneumonia that is acquired outside the hospital. The most commonly identified pathogens are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, atypical… read more