What is climate teleconnection?
Teleconnections refer to the climate variability links between non-contiguous geographic regions. Teleconnection patterns are extracted from analysis of the sea-level/tropospheric pressure variations on monthly (and weekly) timescales.
Is El Niño predicted for 2021?
Forecasters think the most likely scenario is for La Niña to transition to neutral by the late spring. Neutral is the most common state for ENSO in the spring, and most computer models predict the Niño-3.4 Index to be in the neutral range (between -0.5 and 0.5 °C) by the April–June season.
What is a teleconnection and why is ENSO considered to be this type of phenomenon?
El Niño Events El Niño events are defined by their wide-ranging teleconnections. Teleconnections are large-scale, long-lasting climate anomalies or patterns that are related to each other and can affect much of the globe. During an El Niño event, westward-blowing trade winds weaken along the Equator.
Is 2020 an El Niño year?
2020 stands out, following a winter where tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures were slightly warm, but not quite El Niño.
What happens during El Niño years?
During an El Niño event, the surface of the tropical Pacific Ocean gets warmer than usual, particularly at the equator and along the coasts of South and Central America. Warm oceans lead to low pressure systems in the atmosphere above, which in turn leads to a lot of rain for the western coasts of the Americas.
Where does it get warmer during an El Niño?
During an El Niño event, the surface waters in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean become significantly warmer than usual. That change is intimately tied to the atmosphere and to the winds blowing over the vast Pacific.
When was the last strong El Niño?
The most recent El Niño event ended in 2016, and it was associated with catastrophic coral bleaching on the Great Barrier Reef, severe droughts in Africa, South America and parts of the Pacific and southeast Asia, and wildfires in Indonesia and Canada.
What does teleconnection mean?
/ (ˈtɛlɪkəˌnɛkʃən) / noun. a connection via telephone or television. a long-distance relationship between weather patterns, as when evaporation from the Amazon basin falls as rain in S Africa, etc.
What is the Southern Oscillation and how is it related to El Niño and La Niña quizlet?
Southern Oscillation is the accompanying atmospheric component, coupled with the sea temperature change: -El Niño is accompanied with high, and La Niña with low air surface pressure in the tropical western Pacific. -The two periods last several years each (typically three to four) and their effects vary in intensity.
Are we currently in El Niño or La Niña?
La Niña conditions are present. La Niña is likely to continue into the Northern Hemisphere spring (77% chance during March-May 2022), and then transition to ENSO-neutral (56% chance during May-July 2022).
Is there an El Niño Teleconnection in the northern hemisphere winter?
During Northern Hemisphere winter, when most of the CA precipitation increase occurs, models simulate robust changes in the mean circulation reminiscent of an El Niño teleconnection.
How does El Niño affect the stratospheric climate?
El Niño events also lead to a warming and weakening of the winter stratospheric polar vortex in both hemispheres (Figure 1 and sections 4.2 and 4.3 ). A weakening of the wintertime polar vortex associated with a complete reversal of the climatological westerly winds is termed a major Sudden Stratospheric Warming (SSW).
Does the ENSO teleconnection affect rainfall variability in tropical Atlantic Oceans?
The ENSO teleconnection to the tropical atlantic ocean: Contributions of the remote and local SSTS to rainfall variability in the tropical Americas. Journal of Climate, 14 ( 24 ), 4530 – 4544 .