Which drug is commonly used to treat trematode infections?
Praziquantel remains the drug of choice for all trematode infections except fascioliasis, for which triclabendazole is the drug of choice. Triclabendazole was approved in the United States in 2019 for fascioliasis in patients aged 6 years or older after being available from the CDC for many years.
What are anti Helminthic drugs?
Anthelmintics are drugs that are used to treat infections with parasitic worms. This includes both flat worms, e.g., flukes and tapeworms and round worms, i.e., nematodes. They are of huge importance for human tropical medicine and for veterinary medicine.
What is the drug of choice for the treatment of Cestode infection?
Treatments for intestinal infections The most common treatment for tapeworm infection involves oral medications that are toxic to the adult tapeworm, including: Praziquantel (Biltricide) Albendazole (Albenza)
How are trematodes treated in humans?
Treatment of clonorchiasis and opisthorchiasis relies on praziquantel, administered at a dose of 25mg/kg 3 times daily for 2-3 consecutive days or of a single administration at 40mg/kg. Fascioliasis should be treated with triclabendazole 10mg/kg administered as a single dose.
What are anthelmintic examples?
Types
- Albendazole – effective against threadworms, roundworms, whipworms, tapeworms, hookworms.
- Mebendazole – effective against various nematodes.
- Thiabendazole – effective against various nematodes.
- Fenbendazole – effective against various parasites.
- Triclabendazole – effective against liver flukes.
Can I take mebendazole and albendazole together?
Albendazole and mebendazole can be coadministered with other deworming drugs; foremost is the combination of albendazole with ivermectin (200 or 400 µg/kg) as used against lymphatic filariasis. This combination therapy showed promising results against T. trichiura; observed CRs were 65% and 80% in 2 trials [8, 9].
What causes trematode infections?
Foodborne trematodes cause infection in humans via the consumption of contaminated food (raw fish, crustaceans or vegetables). Infection can result in severe liver and lung disease and together these diseases are estimated to cause 2 million life years lost to disability and death worldwide every year.
What is the drug of choice for the treatment of trematodes?
Praziquantel remains the drug of choice for all trematode infections except fascioliasis, for which bithionol is the drug of choice. Praziquantel is recommended when bithionol is not available.
What is the operculum of a trematode?
The trematode egg shows the operculum (arrow) characteristic of trematodes and pseudophyllidean cestodes. The ciliated trematode miracidium is the form that hatches from the egg and infects a snail as its first intermediate host.
Can trematodes cause diseases in dogs and cats?
Disease in dogs and cats due to infection with trematodes varies and depends upon the species of trematode involved and the organs and organ systems affected.
When is surgery indicated for the treatment of trematode infection?
Surgical management may be needed for complications of trematode infection, which include bladder carcinoma in patients with urinary schistosomiasis, fibrosis and thickening of the intestinal wall in those with intestinal schistosomiasis, ascending cholangitis in those with fascioliasis, and cholangiocarcinoma in those with clonorchiasis.